Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy outcomes pre- and post-hysteroscopic septoplasty (HS) of the uterine septum, based on the size of the septum.
Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta, Egypt, over two years, from April 2018 till April 2020. The study included adult (22-37 years) female patients with the incomplete uterine septum (Class Vb: partial). In all of the patients, HS and laparoscopy were done at the same time. Patients were classified into two groups; Spontaneous abortion (SA: n=50) and primary infertility (PI: n= 40).
Results: The age of both groups was comparable (SA: 28.3±3.46 vs. PI: 25.3±4.3 years). Preoperatively, 50 women in the SA group had 86 pregnancies, resulting in 65 (75.5%) miscarriages, 19 (22.09%) preterm deliveries, and 2 (2.32%) term deliveries. However, there was a significant difference in the results after the septum was resected. During the 24-month follow-up period after septum resection, 94 pregnancies in 90 individuals were achieved. In the PI group, 41 women had pregnancies, whereas, in the SA group, 49 women had 53 pregnancies.
Conclusion: HS may enhance pregnancy outcomes in women with an incomplete uterine septum, and it should be considered in clinical practice.