Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is decline and disturbance of cognitive, little impairment of complex skills, ability to conduct ordinary daily functions, and the absence of dementia are all features of MCI. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has anti-inflammatory effects and may suppress neurodegenerative disorders. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible association between serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly population. Material and methods: The study was carried out on 90 subjects aged 65 years or older] divided into Group I (MCI patients): including 45 patients. in Group II (Control): which included 45 subjects with normal cognition. All subjects underwent detailed history taking, clinical examination, and assessment of cognitive function. Laboratory investigations included: Serum interleukin-10(IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), ESR, CBC, fasting blood glucose (FBS), postprandial blood glucose (PPS), urea, creatinine, and liver enzyme levels. Results: IL-10 levels in the MCI group ranged from 4.60 – 16.31 with a mean value (S.D) of 9.75 ± 2.26. IL-10 among the control group ranged from 4.91 – to 12.15 with a mean value (S. D) of 8.87 ± 1.80.IL-10 was significantly higher among the MCI group (p=0.044) Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the serum levels of IL-10 in patients with MCI and controls.