Background: Cytology gained and important role in the differential diagnosis of different diseases, methods of preparation of cytology are rather simple than in histology. The cytological diagnosis based on both alteration of cytoplasm and nuclear features. Study aimed to determine the best fixative for cellular pattern the urine samples by using Papanicolaou stain. Methodology: This is a case-control study carried out in Khartoum state during the period from December 2009 to March 2010; the Three hundred urine smears were collected randomly from men.
Results: The cytological assessment among study groups revealed the following finding: fixation with 95% Ethyl alcohol we found that, the mean of nucleus stain was 3.4800 and 3.6333 for cytoplasm stain. In CytoRich fixative the mean of nucleus stain was 5.9433 and for cytoplasm stain were 5.9533. Esposti's fixative was the higher value for mean with 6.4433 for nucleus stain and 6.4067 for cytoplasm stain. Conclusion of this study, the Eposites fixative is the good fixative and CytoRich fixative was moderate fixative and 95% Ethyl alcohol was poor fixative for the urine cells with a useful feature for a pattern of cells and its importance for the clarity of the form of the nucleus and cytoplasm with the Pap stain