Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) including Peyer's patches (PPs) and cecal patches (CPs) have a vital role in the induction of immune response against pathogens. Spleen is considered as non-GALT; it has a variety of immune cells that support the immune response. In this study, the expression of alpha L-fucose residues and biodistribution of Lectin Ulex Europaeus Agglutinin I (UEA I⁺) cells, IgA⁺ cells, 33D1⁺ dendritic cells (DCs) and CD11b⁺ macrophage subsets in the GALT (PPs and CPs) and in non-GALT (spleen) were investigated using UEAI lectin histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. The immune response induction of alpha L-fucose residue, UEAI⁺ cells, IgA⁺ cells, 33D1⁺ DCs and CD11⁺ macrophages subsets also will be investigated after treatment with amino-conjugated fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNPs). After treatment with FSNPs an induction of alpha L-fucose residue was observed in the PPs M cells in all cytoplasm, rather than the apical cytoplasm as shown in the control group. Also, the number of UEAI⁺ cells and IgA⁺ cells in PPs sub-epithelial dome (SED) increased 4 times and 2 times higher, respectively, as compared with that of the control group. The CD11b⁺ macrophages, but not 33D1⁺ DCs subsets located in PPs SED, had the main role to uptake FSNPs. In the case of spleen, the number of 33D1⁺ DCs and CD11b⁺ macrophages subsets was 30 times and 25 times higher, respectively, as compared with that of control group. These data indicated that alpha L-fucose residue and IgA⁺ cells, 33D1⁺ DCs and CD11b⁺ macrophages subsets in PPs as GALT and spleen as non-GALT had important role, but in different ratios, in the immune system induction against FSNPs.