Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic compound, is one of the world's highest production volume chemicals used in polycarbonate plastics in many consumer products and epoxy resins lining food containers. BPA is known to have toxic effects on various systems in man and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytogenetic and biochemical changes induced by BPA on testis of albino rats and the possible protective effect of black seed oil. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on (80 rats), divided into four groups (20 rats each). Group I: negative control Group II: received black seed oil (2ml/ kg b w), Group III: administered BPA (25mg/ kg b w), Group IV: administered BPA + black seed oil same as previous doses. Blood, testis and epididymis were collected for biochemical and cytogenetic evaluation. Results: BPA caused a significant decrease in sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and Protein in the testis, while, significant increase of DNA damage of spermatocyte, head and tail abnormalities compared with control. Co-administration of BPA+ black seed oil resulted in significant improvement of sperm count, total content of DNA, RNA and Protein with significant decrease in DNA damage of spermatocyte and head and tail abnormalities compared to BPA group. Also, BPA group showed a significant decrease in serum testosterone and catalase levels, while, a significant increased super oxide dismutase (SOD) compared to control. However, BPA + black seed oil group showed significant improvement of serum testosterone, catalase and (SOD) levels compared to BPA group. Conclusion: Exposure of rats to BPA resulted in reproductive toxicity through inducing a significant DNA damage and impaired synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in testicular tissue. Black seed oil attenuate oxidative damage in rat testis via upregulating the activities of enzymatic antioxidants Catalase and SOD.