Introduction: Gentamicin was associated with an apparent increase in the number of neonates with symptoms of hypocalcemia, including seizures.
Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the effect of gentamicin on calcium /creatinine ratio in urine and serum calcium in neonates.
Methods: This case-control study included 100 children, divided into two groups. Group I: Fifty neonates received gentamicin. Group II: Fifty neonates did not receive antibiotics at all (control group), Serum calcium and urinary calcium/creatinine ratio, were done at 1st day of admission, and at day 3 and 6 of aminoglycosides therapy.
Results: On admission, serum calcium showed a non-significant difference between both groups, P-value was 0.453. On the 3rd day, serum calcium was significantly lower in cases compared to controls with P-value was Conclusion: Gentamicin was associated with decreased serum calcium and increased urinary calcium excretion on 3rd day and 6th day of treatment, so cautious and proper monitoring of serum calcium is mandatory in neonates treated with gentamycin.