Background: A still-growing body of evidence has accumulated indicating that a disturbance of balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms plays a major role in the pathomechanism of glomerular diseases. Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the role of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the pathogenesis of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). Methods: Serum levels of some antioxidants (α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), selenium, zinc and copper) were estimated in 50 children, of ages ranging from 2 to 10 years (mean ± SD, 8.1 ± 2.5 years), diagnosed as APSGN, and compared with that of 25 healthy age-and sex-matched control children. Oxidant stress was evaluated as well, in all subjects by estimating levels of serum and urinary malondialdhyde (MDA). Results: The levels of antioxidants were significantly decreased in children suffering from APSGN compared to control children. Meanwhile oxidative stress, measured by serum and urinary MDA was significantly increased in the patients group. In addition, a significant positive correlation between SOD and both copper and zinc was reported. Conclusions: An oxidative stress, in the face of defective antioxidant defense, does exist and may play a particular role in the pathogenesis of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. So it is recommended that nutritional antioxidants, especially vitamin E, selenium, zinc, and copper should be added in the diet of children and all risky groups.