Gestational diabetes (GDM) is one of the major problems experienced in pregnancy and contributes to complications of varying degrees. Our study tries to evaluate the maternal and fetal complications in GDM women in the western region of Algeria. Methods: We carried out a prospective study on 472 pregnant women whom 236 have gestational diabetes trouble, and 236 women non-diabetic. These patients were screened and followed up from November 2019 to July 2021 in the maternity department of the University Hospital Establishment of Oran city. Results: The rate of Body Mass Index (BMI)>25Kg/m2, maternal age>30 years, parity rate ≥2 in DGM women was higher than that of controls. The frequency of pregnancy-induced hypertension and obstetric pathologies of vascular origin HELLP Syndrome were significantly higher in GDM than non-GDM groups, respectively 10.4% vs 4.4% (p < 0.001) and 2.3% vs 0.6 % (p=0.030). Moreover, the rate of Hypercholesterolemia, proteinuria, urea and creatinine levels were also higher in GDM group. Concerning the delivery induction, cesarean sections performed or scheduled and premature delivery, the rate was higher in GDM patients than in controls, respectively (24.2% vs 21.6%, p=0.268), (30.3% vs 24.8%, p=0.016), (1.9% vs 0.4%, p=0.033). The frequency of macrosomia in neonates, congenital malformations and glycemic imbalance,was significantly higher in GDM compared to Non-GDM groups, respectively (7.2 vs 3.4 %, p= 0.007), (3.8 vs 0.4%, p < 0.001), (6.4 vs 0.8%,p < 0.001). Conclusions: The real challenge will be to carry out regular monitoring, intensive care for pregnant women to prevent the risks of gestational diabetes.