Aims: the study of the biological effects of tramadol on testes of the male mice and treatment of its side effects via Lagenaria Siceraria or melatonin
Results: the results of the present work showed the injection of tramadol for 20 and 40 days decreased the volume of the somniferous tubules and the number and volume of nuclei of the interstitial cells of Leydig in the testes of the male mice. While stopping tramadol injection, Lagenaria Siceraria or melatonin increased the diameter of the somniferous tubules and the number and volume of nuclei of the interstitial cells of Leydig in the testes of the male mice. The present data showed the injection of tramadol for 20 and 40 days lead to a lot of the pathological features and alternate the histological architectures of testes the male mice. While stopping tramadol injection, Lagenaria Siceraria or melatonin treats the histopathological side effects of tramadol.
Conclusion: tramadol atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, and reduces the number and inhibits the cellular activities of the interstitial cells of Leydig and directly inhibits its function such as the production of testosterone hormone. Finally, tramadol inhibits germinal layer cells and the production of different reproductive cells. While stopping tramadol, Lagenaria Siceraria, or melatonin teats these tramadol effects.