Rodent cause major economic losses in man food item and often hinder production also, inflict health to people and live-stock in villages. Sohag one of the upper Egyptian Governorates is similarity in weather, agriculture and housing structure and lifestyle. Rodent species survey and calculate density in three different habitats to know the distribution shape and number development beside use change the base carrier of zinc phosphide bait technique when use more time to increase effectiveness in rodent control programs. Five species at family Muridae recorded in Akhmim district (Sohag Governorate) through 2014-2016 in the tested habitats, R. rattus, R. norvegicus, A. niloticus, A. cahirinus and M. musculus. The average number of all rodent species at two years was 689 rats and mice, 187.5 in field crops, 180.5 in vegetable city market and 321 in countryside village. Each habitat are discrimination of one specie, A. niloticus in field crops, A. cahirinus in countryside village and M.musculus in vegetable city market. R. rattus and R. norvegicus spread in the three habitats, R. norvegicus the predominant species in field crops only and R. rattus in other two habitats. The highest density of all recorded species was during spring then summer, whereas autumn and winter respectively. Using technique food base carrier at zinc phosphide bait 0.5% change in the next application after 15 delayed to increase the population reduction of rodent to 88.2 % and 84.6 % when change maize bait by wheat bait compared with applied the same food carrier of crushed maize over once after 15 day the reduction were 69 % and 71.7 % in countryside village and field crops respectively. The bait shyness of zinc phosphide reduce with change food bias carrier in the next application after 15 day the bait intake were (135 and 147 (g))  compared apply the same first bait after 15 day, bait intake were 22 and 26 g to each countryside village and field crops respectively