Mosquitoes play a major role in diseases transmission and distributions, such as filariasis and malaria. The understanding of environmental factors that affect their larval abundance is a key factor for their control. Thus this study aims at investigating mosquitoes' larval abundance in a region known to be endemic for malaria mosquitoes' related diseases in Sharkia Governorate. Measuring environmental factors were: pH, total dissolved solids “TDS", turbidity, water and air temperatures, relative humidity, wind speed, water hyacinths, sun light, water flow, and width and depth of drains in relation with these environmental factors on larval abundance. Six mosquitoes species were recorded and identified in different locations from  study sites of 9 drains: Abu Kbeer, Dyarb Negm and Al-Zakazik. Culex pipiens, Culex perexiguus, Culex antennatus, Culex pusillus, Culex sinaiticus and Ochlerotatus detritus were found to be dominant in these localities. Culex pipiens was the most dominant species (79.79%) in all localities. Results were shown and discussed in detail.