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269342

“Whiteness Hidden in Shades of Blackness”: A Psychoanalytic Fanonian Reading of Amiri Baraka’s Dutchman

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Tags

العلوم الإنسانية

Abstract

White society's reduced and otherized representation of the African American has always presented a challenge to African-American writers, historians, and intellectuals who wanted to write Black people into existence, present their repressed, excluded, or subordinated history, culture, and social milieu, and re-tell their many other stories. Frantz Fanon (1925-1961) was a theorist who framed the issue of race in ‘sociogenic' rather than ‘biocentric' terms. His contribution lies in showing how such arbitrary constructs as ‘White' and ‘Black' predetermine our way of seeing but not truly seeing one another. When Blacks are seen solely in terms of racial stereotypes, they become “flat" images based only on ideologized ‘epidermal inscriptions' whose actual humanity is denied, potentially leading to a lack of self-esteem and an ‘inferiority complex.' This paper examines one of Amiri Baraka's famous plays, Dutchman (1967), from a Fanonian perspective to explore the troubled relationship between the colonizer (White) and the colonized (Black). In Dutchman, Baraka espoused his unapologetic blackness together with his determination to identify, call out, and wage a battle against racial injustices. Both Baraka and Fanon examine violence, sexual exploitation, and discrimination that Whites have perpetuated on blacks, and the two writers' intention was to awaken audiences and inspire change thereby ending the cycle of prejudice and discrimination against Blacks.

DOI

10.21608/jssa.2022.160663.1414

Keywords

African American, Amiri Baraka, Frantz Fanon, inferiority complex, myths of black sexuality

Authors

First Name

Muhammed Subhi

Last Name

Salama

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

English Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Email

msobhi@jazanu.edu.sa

City

المنوفية

Orcid

-

First Name

Khaled

Last Name

Hassan Alqadi

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Email

kalqadi@jazanu.edu.sa

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

23

Article Issue

7

Related Issue

37599

Issue Date

2022-10-01

Receive Date

2022-09-05

Publish Date

2022-10-01

Page Start

23

Page End

43

Print ISSN

2356-8321

Online ISSN

2356-833X

Link

https://jssa.journals.ekb.eg/article_269342.html

Detail API

https://jssa.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=269342

Order

2

Type

المقالة الأصلية

Type Code

653

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

مجلة البحث العلمي في الآداب

Publication Link

https://jssa.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

“Whiteness Hidden in Shades of Blackness”: A Psychoanalytic Fanonian Reading of Amiri Baraka’s Dutchman

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023