Dietary fibres are a type of carbohydrates that are found in plant-based foods. They are not absorbed or digested by the body but play an important role in maintaining good health. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are metabolites formed by gut microbiota from these complex dietary carbohydrates. The formed acids have a role in the secretion of hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulin tropic polypeptide (GIP) that help the body to control diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot use it effectively. The hormones GLP-1 and GIP, which secreted after a meal, like other enteroendocrine hormones help to orchestrate the body's response to the availability of newly absorbable nutrients and are noteworthy, stimulate postprandial insulin secretion. This study clarifies the effects and the roles of organic compounds such as Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) and sulphonylurea derivatives on body glucose homeostasis and clarifies the effects of both SCFAs and sulphonylurea on incretin expression by investigating the expression of GLP-1 and GIP hormones in tissues and blood samples.