Updated nomenclatural treatment of the native and naturalized vascular flora of Egypt is presented. It was compiled by referring to several information sources such as existing literature, relevant online database, and herbaria collections. Recent molecular phylogenetics have resulted in the identification of new families. All families, genera, and species have been updated in their circumscription and nomenclature based on the classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III & APG IV). The updated nomenclature and current taxonomic status of 288 taxa (including 34 subspecies, and 22 varieties) belonging to 169 genera and 49 families are provided. The nomenclature changes of all taxa are on the basis of the most recent taxonomic treatments which combined genera previously included in other families, or even in new families. Only the specific and infraspecific taxa that are previously mentioned in the latest checklist and now treated as synonyms are reported. Twenty-two families are changed to up-to-date names and become synonyms of other families. Seven new family names are added to the Flora of Egypt namely: Salveniaceae, Gisekiaceae Hypericaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Limeaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Linderniaceae, and Phrymaceae; in addition, Nanorrhinum is a new generic name of family Plantaginaceae.