Background: kidney stones in children have been recognized as a major source of morbidity and are
considered a significant health problem. Changing eating habits as an increase in the number of sodium
children eat through processed foods and table salt. The rise with obesity and less active lifestyles may
also cause more children to have kidney stones. Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of
instructional guidelines on dietary knowledge and practices among mothers of children with kidney
stones. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in the current study. Setting: The
research was carried out in Pediatric Urology Department and Urology Outpatient Clinic at Sohag
University Hospital. Subject: Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample
of 50 mothers with their children having kidney stones who were randomly assigned into two groups, 25
in each group (the study and control groups). Tools: Tool (I): Mothers' interview questionnaire, it was
composed of five parts: Part (1): Mothers' data, Part (2): Children's data, Part (3): Children's medical
history, Part (4): Mothers' knowledge assessment questionnaire regarding kidney stones, and Part (5):
Mothers' practices assessment scale regarding kidney stones. Tool (II): Perceived dietary adherence
questionnaire and Tool (III): Barriers towards consuming a healthy diet questionnaire. Results: There
was a highly statistically significant difference and improvement between the studied mothers in the study
and control groups regarding total knowledge and practices about fluid drink and food pre and post
instructional guidelines implementation. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the
total knowledge and practices of the studied mothers' pre and post-instructional guidelines
implementation (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, instructional guidelines
have a positive effect on improving the dietary knowledge and practices of mothers who have children
with kidney stones. Recommendations: The study recommended that mothers should continue to receive
instructional guidelines to improve their knowledge and practices.