Background: Hygienic care is a series of practices performed to preserve health. According
to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to
maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." It is a series of practices performed to preserve
health. Aim of the study is to assess the factors affecting nursing performance regarding hygienic
care. Research design: a descriptive exploratory design has been used. Subjects: a convenience
sample of all available nurses (60) who providing care for patients. Setting at the medical and
surgical intensive care units at El Demerdash hospital. Tools of data collection; four tools were
used to collect data: a Nurses structured interviewing questionnaire, hygienic care assessment tool,
observational checklist of hygienic care, and factors affecting on hygienic care. Results: the results
revealed that majority of the studied nurses (85%) had unsatisfactory knowledge scores. Moreover,
there was a highly positive association between knowledge of studied nurses and total practice and
total hygienic care at (R value.841 &.522) respectively. Conclusion, the majority of the studied
nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge, and more than half of them had incompetent practice scores
about hygienic care in the intensive care unit. Recommendations: Promote the hygienic care
guidelines as a standard procedure in ICUs.