Abstract: Despite current improvement in supportive care, mortality after hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation remains high. Caring for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
is one of the most challenging in nursing subspecialities. Aim: Assess comorbidity index in predicting
toxicity and mortality risk among patient undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation through:
assess comorbidities of patient's pre-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, assess toxicity and
mortality risk post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation & assess the relation of pre-transplantation
comorbidity scores and post transplantation-related toxicity and mortality in patients undergoing
hematopoietic stem cell Transplantation. Study design: A descriptive retrospective design was
utilized to conduct this study. Subject: A purposive sample of (44) patients undergoing allogeneic
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was recruited in this study. Setting: This study conducted at
The Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit in Nasser institute for research and treatment. Tools: Tool I.
Patient structured interview questionnaire, Tools II. The hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
specific-comorbidity index (HCT-CI) & Tools III Seattle Criteria for Organ Toxicity after Bone
Marrow Transplantation. Results: The study revealed that there was a positive correlation between
comorbidity, organ toxicity and total mortality post bone marrow transplantation with p value 0.01.
Conclusion: Comorbidity index is an important tool to predict toxicity and mortality rate among
patient undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as there was a positive correlation between
patient's comorbidity (obesity, cerebrovascular disease, cardiac disease, infection, renal disease, prior
malignancy, hepatic disease and psychiatric disorder) and total toxicity and mortality post bone
marrow transplantation. Recommendations: Apply Comorbidity Index in predicting toxicity and
mortality risk among patient undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.