Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition worldwide that results in substantial
morbidity and mortality. Phototherapy is a universal treatment option. However, it has a slew of
negative consequences. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the neurobehavioral responses for
neonates under conventional phototherapy modality. Design: Descriptive exploratory was utilized
for this study. Setting: The study was done out in the Al-Salam Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and
the Women's Specialist Hospital in Port-Said City, Egypt. Non-probability purposive sampling of
50 neonates was included in this study from the previously mentioned settings. Two tools were used
for gathering the data. Tool one: Neonatal characteristics assessment sheet. Tool II: Neonatal
Behavioral Assessment Scale to assess neurobehavioral responses of neonates before and after
conventional phototherapy modality. Results: revealed that total neonate means score of habituation,
social interaction, state organization, and total level of bilirubin before and after conventional
phototherapy was statistically significant difference p=≤ 0.05. Conclusion: concluded that, there
were statistically significant difference regarding neonate's neurobehavioral responses in domains of
habituation, social interactive, state organization, and total bilirubin level Recommendations: A
neonatal neurobehavioral evaluation educational training program should be scheduled regularly for
pediatric nurses in the neonatal intensive care units.