Background: Nutritional therapy is important to support the high-risk neonates to
promote growth and neurodevelopmental outcome. Aim: assess the nurses' role toward nutritional
therapy for high-risk neonates. Design: A descriptive design. Subjects: A purposive sample was
composed of 50 nurses who worked at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Children Hospital and
Gynecological Hospital affiliated with Ain Shams University. Tools: Assessment tool of high-
risk neonates to assess characteristics' the studied neonates; predesigned questionnaire sheet,
observation checklists and attitude Likert type scale. Results: The results revealed that less than
half of the studied nurses had an average level of total knowledge. More than half of them had an
incompetent level of practice and a positive attitude toward nutritional therapy for high-risk
neonates. There were statistically significant differences between the studied nurses'
characteristics and their knowledge, practices and attitude regarding nutritional therapy for high-
risk neonates. Finally, there was a positive correlation between the nurses' knowledge, practices
and their attitude related to nutritional therapy for high-risk neonates. Conclusion: The study
concluded that, less than half of the studied nurses had an average level of total knowledge, less
than two-thirds of them had an incompetent level of practice and more than half of them had a
positive attitude toward nutritional therapy for high-risk neonates by P-value < 0.05.
Recommendation: the current study recommended that, establish a written updated protocol
about nutritional therapy to improve the level of nurses' performance regarding the nutritional
therapy for high-risk neonates and training program should be provided for all nurses working in
NICUsto improve their performance regarding nutritional therapy for high- risk neonates.