Background: Tracheostomy is now more common in critical care units, low performance of care can be disasters. Therefore, it is important to realize that the intensive care nurses have sufficient knowledge and skills about tracheostomy care before entering the critical care environment. Aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of training program on nurses' performance (knowledge and practice) regarding tracheostomy care. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in the intensive care unit at Beni-Suef University and general Hospitals. Sample: All convenient samples 45 nurses working in intensive care unit at Beni-Suef University and general Hospitals. Tools: Two tools were used a self administered questionnaire sheet to assess knowledge and observational checklist to assess practice regarding tracheostomy care. Results: This study showed that the majority of the nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and practice regarding tracheostomy care pre program implementation (91.1% and 86.7% respectively) which improved significantly immediately post program (86,7% and 82,2% respectively) while this improvement lowered slightly post 3 months at follow up (73,3%and 71,1% respectively). Conclusion: there was significant improvement in nurse's knowledge and practices regarding tracheostomy care post the program implementation, while this improvement lowered slightly post three months at follow up, which supported the study hypothesis. Recommendation that Intensive care unit must have a clinical nurse educator responsible for coordinating the education, training for intensive care nursing staff.