Background: Family and school conditions have been reliably connected to aggression issues in adolescence. Aim: Assessing effect of family relations and school environment on aggressive behavior of school age students, exploring the difference between adolescence aggressive behavior in relation to teaching environment and family relation. Design: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at two randomly selected preparatory governmental schools affiliated to Al-Sayeda Zeinab educational directorate, Cairo, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of 180 adolescents in selected preparatory schools was included in the study. Tools: Five tools were used, 1) Socio-demographic data sheet for students, 2) Socio-demographic data sheet for parents, 3) Aggressive Behavior Scale, 4) Brief Family Relationship Scale and 5) School Climate Scale. Results: Showed that there were “statistical significant differences" between father and mother educational characteristics and methods of home punishment. Also, there was a significant statistical relationship between family relations and aggressive behavior of children. Conclusion: A significant statistical relationship between family relations and aggressive behavior of children. Also, a significant statistical relationship was found between school environment and aggressive behavior of children. Also, a significant statistical relationship was revealed between aggressive behavior of children and socio-demographic characteristics of their parents. Recommendations: Psycho-educational programs about impulsivity, aggression, family relations will be important to increase students and parents' awareness about behavioral competencies and challenges.