Sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome that complicates severe infection and is associated with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome as well as immune dysregulation. Circulatory decompensation and end-organ dysfunction will be the ultimate end if sepsis is not properly managed. In this syndrome, tissues remote from the original insult display the cardinal signs of inflammation, including vasodilation, increased microvascular permeability and leukocyte accumulation.
Recently pediatric mortality from severe sepsis and septic shock has markedly decreased because of early recognition, aggressive fluid therapy and early administration of vasoactive agents in addition to antibiotics.