This review presents the significance of nanotechnology as a new tool in textile printing to introduce multifunctional properties. Nanostructures, such as nano-fibers, nano-coatings, nano-finishing and nano-composites, have potentially revolutionized the textile manufacturing industry with high performance characteristics, such as electrically conductivity, self-cleaning, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity, flame-retardant, antimicrobial properties and ultraviolet protection, as well as improving their printing performance, without changing the bulk properties of the coated fabrics. There are various techniques have been applied to explore the properties of the coated fabric surface, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM).