Background: Preterm birth has become a global issue owing to its high morbidity and mortality rate. It accounts for significant medical expenses and places a considerable economic strain on children, families, and healthcare systems. Objective: This study aimed at determining the maternal risk factors related to preterm birth. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Soran Maternity Hospital from 15^th November 2019 to 25 ^th October 2020; the time of data collection was from 20^th December 2019 until 30^th September 2020. A total of 130 pregnant women with 24-37 gestational weeks and painful uterine contractions admitted to the labor room during the time of data collection were included in the present research. A self-structured questionnaire was utilized to collect information from participants. The data were analyzed utilizing SPSS version 20. Results: The highest percentage, 66.2%, was multiparous, and the commonest maternal contributing factors for preterm birth were urinary tract infection, vaginal infection, anemia, and hypertension during pregnancy. There was a significant association between parity, urinary tract infection, pregnant women's age, and risk for preterm birth by gestational age. Urinary tract infection, vaginal infection, anemia, and hypertension during pregnancy were the most prevalent risk factors for preterm birth. Conclusions: Early recognition of preterm risk factors can benefit healthcare workers and medical staff to identify high-risk pregnant women to adopt preventive measures against preterm birth.