Background: According to a research done on mice using an IL-15 receptor blocker, there is evidence that IL-15 may be involved in the pathophysiology of Alopecia Areata (AA). It's possible that cytokine gene polymorphisms in the regulatory regions could play a role in immune system illness etiology by altering cytokine concentrations in the body. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible association of IL-15 genetic polymorphism (rs17015014) with the risk of development of AA and correlate it with severity of the disease. Patients and methods: This case control study was conducted on 50 patients suffering from AA and 50 control subjects. After clinical and dermoscopic examination, severity of AA was measured by SALT score. Detection of interleukin 15 gene polymorphism in DNA extracted from blood sample by polymerase chain reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism detection were performed. Results:Distribution of IL-15 (rs17015014) gene polymorphism among cases was 22% GG, 60% GC, 18% CC genotypes, while controls had 30% GG, 50% GC and 20% CC genotypes. Cases had 52% G and 48% C alleles, while controls had 55% G and 45% C alleles. No significant association was found regarding genotypes, alleles and AA cases (p > 0.05). No significant associations were found regarding IL-15 single nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) (rs17015014) with SALT scores.Conclusion: No associations were found regarding IL-15 genetic polymorphism (rs17015014) with risk of development of AA or disease severity. No associations were found regarding IL-15 genotypes with disease course, recurrence, site of affection or findings of dermoscopy in patients.