Background: Among children, asthma is the most frequent chronic inflammatory illness with an airway hyper reactivity that leads to blockage and restriction of the airflow. Objective: To detect relation between mannose binding lectin (MBL) genetic polymorphisms and childhood asthma among pediatric population at Zagazig University Hospitals. Patients and methods: 116 individuals were studied in this case-control research, 1^st control healthy group were 29 healthy non-asthmatic of matched age with patients in 2^nd group who were 87 asthmatic children agedbetween 5 and 15 years old in Zagazig University Pediatric Hospital, Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic. Results: There were statistically significant variations in IgE levels amongst the four groups investigated, with all the asthmatic groups significantly greater than the control group. There was significant difference found between cases and control group according to distribution of MBL2 gene polymorphism, and distribution of MBL2 gene alleles. Conclusion: Our research on elevated levels of MBL and IgE in asthmatics suggests that these antibodies are part of the body's innate immunity, MBL may play a role in asthma pathogenesis by promoting airway inflammation or raising the likelihood of asthma development.