Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is widely common infection in cirrhosis. Deferral in diagnosis and treatment exposes the patients to a high risk of complications and death. Recurrence of SBP occurs in many patients however there is insufficient regional and no local data on factors responsible for its recurrence. Objectives: The aim of the current work was to know the predictors of recurrence of SBP in cirrhotic ascitic patients and to evaluate the impact of some scores as predictors. Patients and methods: The study was done in Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Sohag University Hospital. All patients with liver cirrhosis, ascites and SBP were subjected to complete clinical, ultrasonographic and laboratory evaluation. The patients were followed up for one year after management of the 1^st episode and categorized into 2 groups according to absence or presence of recurrence of SBP. Results: Hundred patients with SBP were included. Univariate analysis showed that hematemesis, abdominal pain, multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection, prolonged use of PPI, low serum sodium, high serum bilirubin and high MELD score were significant variables responsible for recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection and low serum sodium were the highly risk factors for recurrence. Conclusions: It could be concluded that multiple paracentesis, urinary tract infection and low serum sodium were the highly independent risk factors for recurrence of SBP.