Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is increasing globally, posing a serious public health problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and mortality are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Concerns for public health are amplified by the fact that about a third of the world's population is afflicted with HBV. HBV infection may result in cirrhosis, hepatocellular cancer, or both (HCC). Immunization is the most cost-effective strategy available worldwide for controlling and preventing hepatitis B in terms of benefit-cost ratio. Objective: This review article discusses the most critical components of the HBV vaccine and the most efficient strategies for increasing HBV vaccination.