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In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Cerastes Vipera Venom against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains

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Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Background: Venoms of the family Viperidae in particular are complex mixture of many substances. They include many different proteins that possess significant bactericidal inhibition.
Objectives: The aim of the current work was to investigate the antibacterial profile of Sahara sand viper (Cerastes vipera) snake venom against both gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus.
Materials and Methods: 1. Identification of the venom was performed using assessment of total protein, determination of the venom protein by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and determination of the half lethal dose (LD50) of venom. 2. Antibacterial activities of Cerastes vipera venom was examined by using disc diffusion method. Microdilution method was used to determine the venom's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). 3. The interaction between venom and bacteria was examined by Electron microscope.
Results: The total protein of the venom was 1.047±0.1 mg/ml. The SDS electrophoresis showed there were four clear bands of protein nearly at 25, 35, 48, 63 Kds and another band between 25, and 35 Kds. The LD50 was 18.3 μg/mouse (0.915 mg/kg body weight). Concerning the antibacterial effect of tested venom, disc diffusion test showed a ring of inhibition zone of about 12 mm in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and of about 0.8 mm in the case of Bacillus cereus. The Microdilution test showed that the MIC of the venom for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 12.5 mg/ml and that for Bacillus cereus was 25 mg/ml. The electron microscopic examination supported the two previous tests, as it observed the presence of elongated, malformed, melted, no-membranous and lysed bacterial cells when treated by the venom.
Conclusion: It could be concluded that Cerastes vipera venom is a potentially weak bactericidal, but can inhibit antibiotic-resistant bacteria as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

DOI

10.21608/ejhm.2019.63748

Keywords

Cerastes vipera venom, bactericidal, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MIC, MBC, Electron microscopic examination

Authors

First Name

Samy A.

Last Name

Saber

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

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Orcid

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First Name

Aly F.

Last Name

Mohamed

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

R&D Sector VACSERA

Email

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City

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Orcid

-

First Name

Abir A.

Last Name

El-Fiky

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

ANDI COE in Antivenom Research

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Hossam. H.

Last Name

Eldaly

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Boys branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

hossameldaly3@gmail.com

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-

Orcid

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Volume

77

Article Issue

6

Related Issue

9576

Issue Date

2019-10-01

Receive Date

2019-12-04

Publish Date

2019-10-01

Page Start

5,804

Page End

5,816

Print ISSN

1687-2002

Online ISSN

2090-7125

Article File

EJHM_Volume 77_Issue 6_Pages 5804-5816.pdf

PDF . 1.2MB

Link

https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_63748.html

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https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=63748

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6

Type

Original Article

Type Code

606

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Publication Link

https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Cerastes Vipera Venom against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains

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Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023