Background : Asthma is a worldwide problem, with an estimated 300 million affected individuals. Although central (visceral) adipocytes are the most important source ofadiponectin (APN), there is a tendency for reduced serumadiponectin concentration among obese subjects  suggesting that decreased APN levels may contribute to the increased inflammatory state as in asthma.  Aim of the work: The aim of this work was to determine whether serum concentration of adiponectin changed in asthmatic patients during acute attack and in remission or not. Subjects and Methods: Fifty five subjects were included in this study from Chest department, Benha  university hospital  .40 patients with bronchial asthma(20 obese and 20  nonobese) and 15 age related healthy subject(7 obese and 8 nonobese) as a control. All asthmatic patients and control group were divided into non-obese and obese according to their body mass index(BMI) Those with BMI < 25& >18.5 were considered non-obese, Those with BMI> 30 were considered obese .Those with BMI . 25 and. 30 were considered overweight and were not included in this study (NIH/NHLBI, 1998). All subjects were submitted to the following, Full history taking ,Complete physical examination(General & Local),Plain x-ray chest P-A & left  lateral views ,Complete blood count , Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Liver and kidney function tests, Fasting and post prandial blood sugar, Ventilatory function tests , Venous blood samples were taken for Adiponectin level measurement. Results :  Serum adiponectin(μg/ml) in obese control subjects (3.25 ± 0.65 μg/ml) was highly significant lower than that in nonobese control subjects(10.51 ± 1.55μg/ml), (P-value < 0.001). Also serum adiponectin revealed highly significant decrease  in obese asthmatics during attack (1.58 ± 0.724 μg /ml) than  in obese asthmatics during remission (2.08 ± 0.74 μg /ml) and that in obese control subjects (3.25 ± 0.65 μg /ml), (P-value < 0.001).Serum adiponectin(μg/ml) was significantly higher in nonobese asthmatics during remission (9.49 ± 2.49 μg /ml) than in nonobese asthmatics during attack (7.89 ± 2.7 μg /ml) and both was  lower than that in nonobese control subjects , (p-value < 0.05 ).Serum adiponectin (μg /ml) was highly significant lower in obese asthmatics during attack (1.58 ±0.72 μg/ml) than in obese asthmatics during remission(2.08 ± 0.74 μg /ml), (P-value < 0.001) and highly significant higher in nonobese asthmatics during attack (7.89 ± 2.7 ìg/ml) than in nonobese asthmatics during remission (9.49 ± 2.49 μg /ml), (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum adiponectin was significantly decreased in asthmatic patients (obese and nonobese) than control subjects also serum adiponectin level was significantly lower during attack than in remission.