Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a progressive loss of bone tissue that begins after menopause and leads to fracture within 15-20 years from the cessation of the ovarian function.Human leptin is a protein of 167 amino acids. It is manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is proportional to the total amount of fat in the body.Leptin's effects on bone are mediated via a central neuroendocrine signaling pathway, as well as directly on bone marrow stem cells to enhance their differentiation to osteoblasts and inhibit their differentiation to adipocytes. Aim of the Study: to detect the relation between serum leptin level, total lipid profile and bone mineral denisty in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried on 40 postmenopausalfemales. According to Dual Emergy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), the subjects were divided into group A, Tt-score <-2.5, group B, t-score <-1, leptin and lipid profile were measured for all subjects.   Conclusion:The current study has provided evidence that bone mineral density is influced by serum leptin level in postmenopausal osteoporotic women and positive correlation between serum leptin level and bone mineral density was found. Recommendation: Serum leptin level measurement could be used as a simple and non invasive method for screening programs for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women but the accuracy of this test still needs furtherer studies. Abbreviation: Ob gene : Obese gene; BMD : Bone Mineral Density; NOF: National Osteoporosis Foundation;            M-CSF : Monocyte colony stimulating factor; BMI: Body mass index; DEXA: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry