This article outlines the etiology and epidemiology of childhood acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI), preventative measures, and management of the most common and important cause of ALRI, pneumonia. Method: We conducted a review to determine the proper treatment of Lower respiratory tract infection in pediatrics. In May 2018 we searched PubMed, Medline, and EMBASE databases Conclusion: Viral lower respiratory system infections in newborns and children are important clinical and socioeconomic problems worldwide. Viral lower respiratory system infections are mild and self-restricting in many cases. Specific patient groups are at risk of a severe program of illness, although formerly healthy infants with a viral lower respiratory tract infection may additionally develop extreme illness.