Background: Multiple factors are associated with absenteeism among nursing staff around the world with an increasing rate that affects the delivery of health care to patients and reflects non-satisfaction of the nursing staff. Objectives: Evaluating the factors associated with high rates of absenteeism among staff nurse in Medina Maternity and Child Hospital (MMCH). Methods: This is a descriptive study that was conducted among a sample of 405 nurses working at MMCH. The study tool included a questionnaire sheet of 2 parts as demographics and causes of absenteeism. All the nurses were interviewed and asked to fill up the questionnaire sheet. Results: Most of the included nurses had Diploma degree and about 5 years of experience (50.4%). The majority of nurses had good knowledge about the effects of absenteeism on work performance. The most common etiological factors associated with absenteeism were no overtime payment (75.6%) and social reasons among 77.8 % of nurses. Conclusion: The increasing rates of absenteeism among nursing staff working in MMCH were not founding the payment for overtime work followed by social reasons for nurses. Thus, considering over-time and working status as shift times and numbers of nurses per shift are important motivators that could decrease the rates of absenteeism among nursing staff and increase the rates of nurses satisfaction to their jobs.