The present study discusses documenting a topographic surface in an oil painting
by remote sensing. It is a new technological method in documenting the properties
of the brush texture statistically, including the area, width, length, the shape of
ends of the edges lines of the hair (curve, point, or polygon), directions, as well
as the angle among these edges and surfaces. Then, the study carries out a
quantitative evaluation of signature spectral fingerprint of the brush areas. It
examines the spatial distribution of the texture and the spectral recording of the
color by recording the reflected or emitted radiation from the colors varying in
absorption, penetration, and reflection according to the physical and chemical
properties of each substance, forming the so-called signature spectral fingerprint.
Using the ENVI sensor program to check the texture of the brush in the visual
part and find statistical patterns which helps us to identify the optical properties of
the brush strokes and artist style. The result of the texture analysis revealed that
the brush was flat, with hard hair, parallel lines, and perpendicular angles. The
spectral signature of orange was (591.08 nm), pink was (495.87 nm) (595.2 nm),
adobe was (600.93 nm), and dark brown was (579.55 nm). The brushstroke's
area equaled 49248, and the perimeter measured 888. Furthermore, SEM-EDX,
XRD, and FTIR were utilized to define the materials and methods of three colored
samples of oil painting (red, yellow, and green). Results illustrated that the
samples contained linseed oil as binders and ground layer from calcite mixed
with animal glue. SEM-EDX and XRD results pointed out that the pigment
samples were earth pigments (goethite - Hematite - Celadonite).