airo. It was built in the early XVII century (1650 AD). The building is affected by severe
deterioration phenomena and patterns of damage which occurred during the time. These
deterioration and damages are mainly due to foundation problems, subsoil water and also to the
earthquake that affected the whole of Greater Cairo in October 1992. Chemical composition,
physical and petrographic properties of the building materials at Makaad Radwan including
masonry, stone, mortars, decorated elements and other constituents of the monument were
studied to identify their characteristics. Evaluation of the site characteristics and foundation soil
condition including description of the soil texture and composition as will as the possible
sources .The impacts of the foundation condition are discussed (e.g. karstrficaion and
salinization).