Church of St. Srabamoun is located in Al-Ptanon city, Menoufia Governorate, The building materials
of the church were exposure to deterioration and degradation, so that many deterioration phenomena
were appeared. Building materials which include , bricks, stones, mortars and the plaster layers in
addition to salts and under ground water had been studied by polarizing microscope (PM), scanning
electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and chemical analysis to identify their
components. On the other hand physical and mechanical properties were measured. As shown
through examinations and analyses that brick consists mainly of clay minerals in addition to quartz
XRD analysis of stone showed that the stone is include mainly of calcite in addition to quartz and
halite. The mortar used for building consists of gypsum, calcite and quartz in the form of sand, and
plaster layers were contained calcite and quartz with the addition of gypsum. It found that stones
affected by surrounding environmental factors and agricultural environment in the site of the Church,
in addition to the lack of sanitation in the region which led to leakage of water irrigation and drainage
in the soil in the site of church. In addition to the presence of salts dramatically in the soil, this led to
crystallization of salts, loss and disintegration of mineral grains. The discussion dealt with the
interpretation of deterioration phenomena of building materials. Finally, discussed the important
recommendations for the restoration, treatment and conservation of building materials of St.
Srabamoun Church.