Air pollutants and dust affected the artifacts in Luxor museum; one of the most important
museums in Egypt and the Middle East. Therefore, the present investigation is concerned
with air pollutants and dust that may be affective or catalyst in the deterioration of Luxor
museum's artifacts using the following technique: a) The checker of PH used for monitoring
and identifying alkaline and acidic areas inside the museum. b) The passive indicator device
used for Ammonia and acetic acid monitored inside the museum; it is caused by the upper un
cover concrete part of the walls. c) XRF analyses of dust samples that were collected using
the sticky straps followed by digital microscope investigation. Results confirm the existence of
Ammonia and acetic acid in the museum, In addition, the physical and chemical mechanism
led to the current deterioration states of both wooden basses and the limestone wall of
Ikhnaton's.