الملخــص
موضوع المعاد من الموضوعات الشائکة التي تعددت الأقوال فيها، ويرجع ذلک لکونه من الأمور الغيبية التي لا مجال للعقل فيها؛ لکونها من الموضوعات التي أثبتها القرآن الکريم، والسنة النبوية المطهرة، وأشار إليها العلم الحديث، وکذلک أن هذا الموضوع قد شغل الفکر الفلسفي على طول عصوره، فأثبتها قوم ونفاها آخرون محتجين بأنها أمور لا تخضع للتجربة الحسية. ونجد بعض الفلاسفة الإسلاميين من مثل ابن سينا وغيره قد وقعوا في اضطراب في عقيدة البعث من حيث کيفيتها، وذلک بسبب ما کان عليه الفلاسفة اليونانيون الذين يتبعونهم في هذا الشأن، من اعتبار أن البعث يکون بعثا روحيا فقط، وهو ما تخالفه ظواهر النصوص القرآنية. وتکمن أهمية الموضوع في مواجهة التيارات الفکرية المعاصرة التي تشکک في إمکانية البعث والمعاد بأدلة علمية واضحة تبطل کل حججهم الواهية في ضوء العقيدة الإسلامية. وقد بين البحث کذلک أن علماء العلم الحديث استدلوا على حقيقة البعث الجسماني والروحاني من خلال أدلتهم البيولوجية، ومن خلال المادة الوراثيةDNAحيث ثبت أن عجب الذنب الذي يبعث منه الإنسان يوم القيامة لا يبلى أبدا، سواء حرق، أو سحق، أو غرق، فإن الله تعالى يحفظ هذه الجرثومة الآدمية إلى يوم القيامة. وأخيراً أثبت البحث بالأدلة المادية وأقوال المسلمين وغير المسلمين بالتجارب العلمية أن الکون يسجل ما يفعله کل إنسان لتشهد عليه يوم البعث، وليکون ذلک أکثر إقناعا للمسلمين المتشککين وغير المسلمين الذين لا يؤمنون إلا بالدليل المادي فقط ولا يستطيع أن ينکرها أحد.
Resurrection in between Believers and Deniers: A Critical Analytical Study
By: Jehan Nour Eldeen Mohammed Al-Moqadem
Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Doctrine
Faculty of Women in Tenth of Ramadan City
Azhar University
Email: drgehannour@yahoo. com
Abstract
Resurrection is one of the dialectic topics because of the diverse views on its nature. It handles one of the otherworldly matters which are unreasonable. The Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah, as well as modern science, have affirmed these otherworldly matters. In addition, this topic has occupied the philosophical thought along the time to the extent that some people believed in it whereas others denied it under the pretext that it could hardly be experienced physically. The researcher has noted that some Muslim philosophers such as Avicenna (Ibn Sina) et al. were perplexed when they thought of the mechanism of resurrection and this confusion can be traced back to the Greek philosopher they followed. The Greek philosophers considered resurrection as a mind spiritual matter which is in contrast with what the Qur'anic texts have stated. Besides, the Greek philosophers considered reward and punishment spiritual matters something which is also in controversy with the Qur'anic texts. Therefore, the researcher has found out that no other inherited jurisprudential matter has caused any controversial views like the issue of resurrection. Accordingly, the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah have abundantly affirmed and proved the truth of resurrection and the eternal day showing their importance and those who deny them are undoubtedly non-believers. Hence, the importance of this topic rises from its ability to confront the contemporary currents of thought which doubt the possibility of experiencing resurrection and the eternal day based upon scientific clues that refute such allegations in accordance with the teachings of the Islamic jurisprudence. It has been strictly proved that Avicenna, Averroes (Ibn Rushd) and other Muslim philosophers believed in spiritual resurrection rather than the physical one. The research has referred to the fact that modern science and scientists based their clues on physical and spiritual resurrection on biological evidence aided by the genetic material called DNA. Scientist found out that the tail bone through which man will be resurrected on the eternal day never perishes whether by fire, grinding or even by drowning. Almighty Allah saves the human germ to the Day of Judgment. Finally, the research has given physical evidence as well as statements by both Muslims and non- Muslims that the universe registers all what man does in this life so as to be utilized as a witness on the eternal day. Thus, the skeptics; whether Muslims or non- Muslims, would believe in resurrection by means of these undeniable physical clues.