Cichorium endivia L. is a wild edible plant and widely distributed in the Mediterranean region. Traditionally, it had been used to relief of mild digestive disorders symptoms such as flatulence, feeling of abdominal fullness, and slow digestion, and loss of appetite. It is a bitter-leafed vegetable with simple, alternate and sessile leaves forming an inflorescence. Recently, C. endivia gained attention because of its therapeutic and biological activities such as antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidantandantiproliferative. In this review, we summarize the most important chemical constituents and biological activities C. endivia.