Helicobacter pylori, previously known as Campylobacter pylori, is the most famous causative agent of stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, and gastric cancer and it has a direct relation with other gastric malignancies. It is a ubiquitous organism that is present in a precent of 30-100% of the global population. This percentage varies according to different geographical locations. Clinical manifestation, transmission, method of diagnosis, management of the infection, and even the treatment differs from region to region. In this review, we are concentrating on the above-mentioned factors that affect H. pylori infection epidemiology and we are directing the spotlight towards the epidemiology of this bacterium in Egypt.We have summarized different tools of diagnosis and the most famous modes of transmission of this infection in Egypt and mentioned our recommendations for future research investigation in these aspects. For example, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and next-generation sequencing for the full genomic characterization of H. pylori samples from this geographical area.