This study describes the effects of the annual cycle on the structure and functions of uterus of Uromastyx acanthinura (Bell, 1825) (hibernation and activity seasons). The results revealed that, histological sections in uterus of U. acanthinura  during hibernation season showed considerable atrophy and degeneration of the glandular region, comparedto nearly normal structure and less atrophied glandular mucosa after hibernation. The expression of protein bands and their concentration markedly decreased during hibernation season and increased during activity season. Genomic DNA showed apparent separation during hibernation. Also, caspase3 and caspase7 activity reached high levels in the uterus tissue during hibernation compared to activity season.