Mandibular fracture is one of the most common facial fractures. Although the main causes of mandibular fracture are road traffic accidents and violence, yet the relationship between these aetiologies varies from one country to another. A retrospective review in which the medical records and radiographs for 509 patients treated for madibular fracture at the University of Alexandria Hospital over the period 1991-2000 were reviewed. The data collected included age, gender, aetiology, month in which injury occurred, anatomical site of fracture, associated maxillo-facial injuries and treatment modalities. The prevalence of mandibular fractures was higher in males within all age groups, with an overall male-to-female ratio 3.6:1. The majority of fractures were sustained by males in the age group 21-30 years and 0-10 years in females and the monthly incidence was quite constant all over the year. Road traffic accidents were the major cause of trauma followed by assaults and falls. Angle fractures were the most common [21.7%] followed by parasymphyseal fractures [21.2%] while the lowest frequency was for the coronoid region [1.1%]. The study also reveals the changing pattern of treatment modalities, where it clearly demonstrates the shift from closed reduction to open reduction and fixation.