Environmental problems vary with the diversity of their sources, and the state makes every effort to protect the environment from one society to another, and this is based on the natural conditions, the size and diversity of the existing resources, as well as the population density and the diversity of economic development and social systems. These problems have been exacerbated in various societies as a result of their reliance on rapid development methods, which in turn lead to the severe exploitation of environmental resources, using modern technologies in many times that are not suitable for environmental conditions. Moreover, the policy of providing the required service is not commensurate with the urban and rural community and the data of what is in it, which contributes to increasing rates of environmental degradation and consequently environmental problems. In preparing the applied part of this study, the researchers used the descriptive analytical method for a sample of (50) employees of the Environmental Affairs Agency in Cairo Governorate. A questionnaire was distributed to the sample under study and some explanations were provided by the researchers. The study came to the following conclusion: There are many contemporary environmental problems, and many of these problems, which vary and differ in nature, harm the environment and harm humans at the same time, and among these problems are related to various elements of the environment such as air pollution, which is one of the major problems that make the atmosphere Contaminated with toxic, harmful and asphyxiating gases In view of the increase in industrial and agricultural activity that leads to disruption of the environmental system, due to weak legislation and laws regarding this problem, and among the most important recommendations is the activation and development of environmental protection laws to include strict penalties against anyone who contributes or participates in polluting the environment, and setting “environmental" controls for economic activity and manufacturing operations.