The present study aims at identifying the psychological and social problems facing the homeless young mothers, standing also on the differences between mothers in the care institutions and mothers living outside them (in street). The study focuses on the homeless young mothers in Al-Aml Village and Banaty Society in Cairo governorate. The study sample consists of (20) young mothers in Cairo governorate, divided as follows: (10) young mothers from within the care institution, and (10) young mothers from outside the care institution. The study relies on the analytical-descriptive method. Regarding the data collection, the researcher has used the (Psycho-Social Scale of the Young Mothers) to find out the relationship between the psychological and social problems and the place of residence. The researcher has relied on Maslow's Theory of Needs; since Maslow sees that there are a group of needs that control the individual the emergence of various psychological problems when they are unfulfilled. The dissatisfaction of physiological needs, such as the need to eat, drink and warm up, leads to many psychological problems such as exposure to accidents. In addition, the lack of satisfaction of the need for security as a result of their presence in the street leads to the emergence of many problems that affect the street mother's child, such problems are for instance, the sense of insecurity, the non-affiliation problem towards the state, or society, the absence of shelter or permanent housing and the dissatisfaction of the need for love and belonging which lead to the emergence of the non-belongingness problem towards the community.
The problems of shortage, pedophilia, and aggression as well as the problem of fear of the future and the dissatisfaction of the need for appreciation lead to the feeling of inferiority as well as aggression and the lack of sense of security. Thus, any failure to satisfy the physiological and psychological needs of the mother's child leads to psychological disorder and also leads to various psychological problems. The study has reached several results; there are statistically significant differences between location of residence and dimensions of scale of self-concept as a whole. There are also statistically significant differences between the place of residence (institution / street) and dimensions of scale of psychological and social problems, in favor of the street's girl