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57381

THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS RESULTED IN WARS IN IRAQI IN THE TIME DURATION (1980 – 2015)

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Economics

Abstract

The current study objective is crystallized in identifying the social, economic, and environmental effects produced by successive wars on state of Iraq during the Gulf War I and the Gulf War II and finally the American invasion. The study counts on the descriptive-historical method. The researcher uses for evaluating the study sample the random class sample, distributing (185) questionnaire formsand retrieved (181) forms (97.8%) of the distributed forms. The data collection tool for obtaining the primary data of study is represented in the questionnaire form that is designed to contain specific phrases built on the scales set by the researchers in the research field. The researcher has distributed the questionnaire on study sample's items, replying their inquiries, collecting, unloaded and coded the data. The study comes to several findings including: there are several negative impacts of successive wars on Iraq represented in the social impacts which on top that (Iraq has become a center for poverty, unemployment,whoredom, kidnapping and selling children, human organs trade, showoff place for gangs of children trade and smuggling, and higher up of the unemployment ratio that has reached more than 50% among youth, in addition to absence of social connections in the one area, loss of confidence among society individuals, penetration of the values and morals system in the Iraqi society).Moreover, the economic negative impacts are crystallized in the almost general paralysis in Iraqi economy because of the diffused corruption in the Iraqi government and its incapability to fulfill needs, or attract the foreign investment and benefit from economic aids programs granted to it. Added to that, the huge destruction the wars have left behind that has destroyed also the infrastructure of Iraq and damaged lots of institutions and economic establishments. Finally, the environmental effects are reflected in land salinity – desertification phenomenon – water pollution – soil air pollution – forming oil lakes in the desert, soil dissolution resulted in digging ditches and mine laying. The study recommends the following: Working on prevailing peacefulness culture in the international community, particularly, war zones in the Middle east.  Support diplomatic efforts for solving racial conflicts. Encouraging the international community to invest in Iraq. Working on removal of international penalties imposed on Iraq for supporting andliberalize Iraqi economy.

DOI

10.21608/jes.2019.57381

Authors

First Name

Genan S.

Last Name

Al-Rawe

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Post Grad., Institute of Environmental Studies & Research, Ain Shams University

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Amal

Last Name

Abdel Hameed

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Faculty of Women, Ain Shams University

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Nermin

Last Name

Ma'rouf

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Faculty of Commerce, Al-Salmania University, Iraq

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abeer

Last Name

Abdel Hakam

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Faculty of Commerce, Ain Shams University

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

45

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

8398

Issue Date

2019-03-01

Receive Date

2019-03-07

Publish Date

2019-03-01

Page Start

367

Page End

390

Print ISSN

1110-0826

Online ISSN

2636-3178

Link

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/article_57381.html

Detail API

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=57381

Order

13

Type

Review Article

Type Code

599

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Environmental Science

Publication Link

https://jes.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS RESULTED IN WARS IN IRAQI IN THE TIME DURATION (1980 – 2015)

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023