Egypt considers one of the richest states of the world owning human wealth; but unfortunately, has no unique position in development of this field (development of human capital). Hereby, the need for treatment of this problem Egypt meets in growth and development in general and in investment of intellectual capital reflected in human capital in particular is needed. Since the intellectual capital is a collection of experiences, knowledge, energies, and innovated and creative properties individuals have and invest at work for the purpose of achieving sustainable development at an organization which is also a reason for progress, growth and development of the world states. Hereby, investment in intellectual capital will be examined as an approach for developing human resources and achieving innovative performance of the human element's sustainability in terms of economy of cognition. Researchers use the descriptive-analytical method and appropriate statistical tests for testing validity of hypotheses and answering the study questions. Given the sample consisting of (285) forms, researchers come to several results and recommendations which most important is that there is a relationship among investment of intellectual capital, efficiency of performance in business organization, and fulfilling innovative performance. Consequently, development of human resources should be considered through investing the intellectual capital and economy of cognition.