Diseases caused by water pollution lead to many costs,The Individuals incur part of it, Like the costs of treatment and medical care for the disease, in addition to the loss of benefits Which causes the disease In failing to  achieve them, The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between income inequality and diseases Caused by water pollution in Egypt, By know the most important aspects of income inequality in Egypt, And know the most important reasons that led to water pollution in Egypt, And know the most important diseases that affect humans as a caused by water pollution in Egypt, And measuring the relationship between income inequality and diseases caused by water pollution in Egypt. To measure the relationship between income inequality and diseases resulting from water pollution the standard approach was used using the method of  the micro squares normal for the cross Sectional data covering all governorates of nile Valley in 2015. The study found that there is a positive Statistically significant relationship between income inequality and diseases caused by water pollution , And that the relationship between education and diseases caused by water pollution is both positive and Statistically significant. So must the work on Relieve intensity income inequality , And upgrading the level of education And water pollution control,for prevent the damage of this type of pollution on human health and soil.