Due to the observed growth in recent years of digital image communication, computer technologies, and image processing techniques image security has been an essential demand due to the different image attacks. Image security approaches are classified into cryptography and data hiding techniques, including digital watermarking and steganography. This study paper reviews existing picture data hiding techniques, their benefits and drawbacks, and future research directions. In addition to the survey, we included a brief explanation of several geometric and image processing attacks that impair picture transmission. General multimedia security ideas, primary requirements, and recent applications We addressed various approaches and their characteristics, types, requirements, and working mechanisms. We classify the techniques based on different domains. General concepts of data hiding approaches, their characteristics, recent applications used in, also recent research work for proposed techniques is discussed in the following sections, finally, a comparison between different methodologies has been presented in a table.