In recent years and globally, the poultry industry has become of great importance in the production of animal protein, with the increase in per capita consumption of meat and eggs around the world. It is noteworthy that the cost of feed production represents 60-70% of the total poultry production, where protein is the most expensive component. Protein sources are known to be of either animal or vegetable origin, with animal sources having a more balanced amino acid profile. But due to the limitations on the availability of traditional feeds for poultry as well as the remarkable development in the development of new genetic strains, all this has led to a change in nutritional needs. So researchers began looking for new and alternative protein sources to reduce feed costs, such as using the Eisenia foetida earthworm, which is a new and safe source of animal protein. But until now, the possibility of using Eisenia foetida as one of the new and safe sources of poultry feed in Egypt has not been studied. On the other hand, Eisenia foetida can be used for other purposes, such as the technique of producing vermicompost, which is one of the new technologies for the safe treatment of non-toxic organic waste using earthworms, because there is an urgent need to recycle poultry waste in a safe and environmentally friendly manner, and this can be applied through the use of earthworms. Therefore, the aim of this article is to shed light on the use of Eisenia foetida as one of the new partial alternative sources of protein that can be used in poultry rations to reduce production cost without affecting production performance, health aspects or the quality of its products.