• Purpose: evaluation the surface roughness of root canal surface and its correlation with Resin Sealer Bond Strength following final irrigation by apple vinegar. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted lower premolars were prepared then the samples were equally distributed into 2 main groups . Group I: Apple vinegar , Group II: 17 % (EDTA), Control group : sterile saline. Each group was further distributed into .Subgroup A: For surface roughness evaluation(Ra). Subgroup B: For push out bond strength evaluation. Surface roughness was evaluated using digital microscope that is one of non contact optical microscope. The push out test was carried on using universal testing machine. The sealer penetration inside the dentinal tubules was evaluated using (SEM) . Results: the highest value of Ra was recorded in samples treated with 17% EDTA, while the lowest value was recorded with the control group . The highest value of bond strength was recorded in samples treated with 17% EDTA, while the lowest value was recorded with the control group . SEM observation of sealer/ dentin interface revealed few traces of sealer penetration with samples treated with 17% EDTA and AV. Conclusion: EDTA 17% as a final rinse produced higher value of surface roughness compared to AV. The effect of AV on the push out bond strength was comparable to that of 17%EDTA when used as a final rinse. There is a linear relation between Ra and the push out bond strength of resin sealer in Groups I, II.